In this cost model, unless farmers considered the reduced soil cd as a value to their land, they would not accept the loss in highervalue vegetable crop production due to growing willow to remove cd 11. Laboratory of plant cell biology, department of biology, payamenoor university, hamedan branch, po bo193953697 tehran, iran 2. This costeffective plantbased approach to remediation takes advantage of the remarkable ability of plants to concentrate elements and compounds from the environment and to metabolize various molecules in their tissues. Hyperaccumulators can absorb more heavy metals than is present in the soil in which they are growing. One of the first papers involving an unusually high level of heavy metal uptake in plants in a polluted ecosystem was written by reeves and brooks in 1983. The goal of phytoremediation is the removal of toxic metals from the soil reeves and baker 2000. Pvacr3, a key arsenite asiii antiporter in the as hyperaccumulator fern pteris vittata, was expressed in arabidopsis, driven by the camv 35s promoter.
Phytoextraction of soil cobalt using hyperaccumulator plants article pdf available in international journal of phytoremediation 24. Natural metal hyperaccumulator phenotype is much more important than high yield ability when using plants to remove metals. Arsenic uptake by plants and possible phytoremediation applications. Possible to rotate with other plants for phytoremediation raising of seedlings flow chart shows the process of phytoremediation using chinese brake fern. Journal of environmental quality abstract plant and environment interactions arsenic accumulation in the hyperaccumulator chinese brake and its utilization potential for phytoremediation. Vetiver phytoremediation for heavy metal decontamination. Phytoremediation is a technology that uses plants to degrade, assimilate, metabolize, or detoxify metal and organic chemical contamination. Alyssum bertolonii, has been used for phytoremediation in the field chaney et al. All the studied plants take up metals in high amounts as high as hundreds of times more than averages for nonhyperaccumulator plants. Phytoremediation and potency of hyperaccumulator plants core. Phytoremediation takes the advantage of the unique and selective uptake capabilities of plant root systems, together with the translocation, bioaccumulation, and contaminant degradation abilities of the entire plant body. Phytoremediation potential of hemp cannabis sativa l. Plants ability to accumulate heavy metals may cause problems to human health when contamination of food crops is too high.
A global database for plants that hyperaccumulate metal and. A global database for plants that hyperaccumulate metal. H hyperaccumulator or aaccumulator pprecipitator ttolerant. Study on application of phytoremediation technology in. It is an emerging technology for environmental remediation that offers a lowcost technique suitable for use against different types of contaminants in a variety of media. Intensive screening efforts over the past 20 years by researchers working in china have led to the discovery. A major step towards the development of phytoremediation of heavy metal impacted soils is the discovery of the heavy metal hyperaccumulation in plants. Pteris vittata, an arsenic as hyperaccumulating fern may also show promise for phytoextraction of as.
Role of phytoremediation in reducing cadmium toxicity in. Engineering arsenic tolerance and hyperaccumulation in plants. Hyperaccumulator plants of the keban mining district and. Accumulation of pb, zn, cu and fe in plants and hyperaccumulator choice in galali iron mine area, iran mahtab asgari nematian 1, fatemeh kazemeini 2 1.
This study investigated the phytoremediation potential of indigenous plants growing at the tailings dams of nchanga mine in chingola, zambia. Phytoremediation technology for heavy metal remediation involved different action mechanisms as shown in figure 1. Acting as an integrated multidisciplinary approach for the cleanup of contaminated soils, phytoremediation combines the disciplines of plant physiology, soil microbiology, and soil chemistry cunningham and ow 1996. Phytoremediation can be carried out in a number of ways. Jan 19, 2014 phytoremediation is a costeffective technique through which the cleanup of contaminated soil laced with heavy metals is performed by wild weeds and small herbal plants. Iron fe, manganese mn, and sulfides introduces oxygen into the water to oxidize materials to purify the water perennial wetland. Phytoremediation can be specified into many applications including. Metal hyperaccumulation is a characteristic present in over 500 plant species and approximately in 0.
Phytoremediation is the use of plants to partially or substantially remediate selected contaminants in contaminated soil, sludge, sediment, ground water, surface water, and waste water. Phytoremediation efforts have largely focused on the use of plants to accelerate degradation of organic contaminants, usually in concert with root rhizosphere microorganisms, or remove hazardous heavy metals from soils or water. The godfather of phytoremediation and the study of hyperaccumulator plants may very well be r. First named by carolus linneaus in 1753 native to central asia in the family cannabacea other members include humulus and celtis has been used for 10,000 years, one of first cultivated plants. Phytoremediation potentials of sunflowers tithonia. All plants need some heavy metals in small amounts.
Journal of environmental science and technology keywords. Toxic metals are biologically magnified through the food chain. Phytoremediation is a group of technologies that use plants to reduce, remove, degrade, or immobilize environmental toxins, primarily those of anthropogenic origin, with the aim of restoring area sites to a condition useable for private or public applications. Contaminated soils and waters pose a major environmental and human health problem, which may be partially solved by the emerging phytoremediation technology. The phytoremediation technique provides a promising tool for hyperaccumulation of heavy metals. Soil contamination by various inorganic and organic compounds has been a worldwide concern, and phytoremediation has benn received increasing attention for. Phytoremediation and hyperaccumulator plants springerlink. Phytoremediation can be potentially used to remediate metalcontaminated sites. Currently, more than 400 species of metal hyperaccumulator plants have been reported in the literature 7. Hyperaccumulator plants are of substantial fundamental interest and practical importance. Sutlegen the euphorbia family of plants are annual, biennial and perennial herbs and sub shrubs with milky latex 21. Phytoremediation is a group of technologies that use plants to reduce, remove, degrade, or immobilize environmental toxins, primarily those of anthropogenic origin, with the aim of restoring area. Phytoremediation makes use of the ability of green plants to accumulate or degrade contaminants.
Elsevier journal of geochemical exploration 60 i 997 115 126 the potential of the highbiomass nicke 1 hyperaccumulator berkheya coddii for phytoremediation and phytomining b. Effects of edta, citric acid, and tartaric acid application on growth, phytoremediation potential, and antioxidant response of calendula officinalis l. Pdf phytoremediation and potency of hyperaccumulator plants. The potential of the highbiomass nicke 1 hyperaccumulator. In response to as treatment, pvacr3 transgenic plants showed greatly enhanced tolerance. In order to be realistic about the phytoremediation, focussed studies on factors regulating phytoremediation are necessary figure 4. While some plants are better at it than others, there are three fundamental ways the process works. Recently, transgenic approaches have been designed to develop as phytoremediation technologies. Phytoremediation is a costeffective technique through which the cleanup of contaminated soil laced with heavy metals is performed by wild weeds and small herbal plants. Introduction of hyperaccumulator plants with phytoremediation. Excluder plants, stored ni in root cell wall vacuoles, thus keeping ni sequestered away from photosynthetically active shoot tissues. Hence, hyperaccumulator plants have mainly been reported from family brassicaceae, cunouniaceae, caryophyllaceae, asteraceae, euphorbiaceae, cyperaceae, fabaceae, lamiaceae, violaceae, poaceae, etc. Not every plant species can be used for phytoremediation. However, it is not suitable for phytoremediation because it is a summer green and grows slowly.
Phytoremediation potential of indigenous plants growing at. Hm 2 hm hm hm 1 hm hm hm hm hm hm hm hm hm hm hm hm hm hm phytoremediation is a lowcost, environmentallyfriendly technology. Phytoremediation is the name given to a set of technologies that use different plants as a containment, destruction, or an extraction technique. Engineering arsenic tolerance and hyperaccumulation in.
A plant that is able to take up more metals than normal plants is called a hyperaccumulator. Phytoremediation of metal contaminated soils offers a lower cost method for soil remediation and some extracted metals may be recycled for value. Conditioning of heavy metalpolluted river sediment by cannabis sativa l. Arsenic as pollution is a global problem, and the plantbased cleanup of contaminated soils, called phytoremediation, is therefore of great interest.
This, therefore requires identification of native plants that are able to accumulate heavy metals in their plant tissues at concentrations higher than that in the soil in which they are growing. Essentially, through the process of phytoremediation, certain plants are mother natures magic eraser cleaning up the messes left behind by poor farming, industrial, and waste dumping practices. Chelating agents can be synthetic or organic acids, and the advantages and disadvantages of their use in improving the phytoextraction potential of nonhyperaccumulator plants are discussed in this article. Familiar nigerian crop specieswhich include sorghum. Genetic engineering of plants with high biomass and rapid growth, therefore, is an alternative solution for phytoremediation of heavy metals from the polluted soil table 18. The basic idea that plants can be used for environmental remediation is very old and. Nov 15, 2017 hyperaccumulator plants and the need for a database. Phytoextraction of soil cobalt using hyperaccumulator plants. Hyperaccumulator plants are the material basis for phytoextraction research and for practical applications in decontaminating polluted soils and industrial wastes. Al, ag, as, be, cr, cu, mn, hg, mo, naphthalene, pb. Here, we used a onegene transgenic approach for as tolerance and accumulation in arabidopsis thaliana.
Therefore, in order to find hyperaccumulators other than from a. There are about 2,000 species of euphorbia and the species range from weeds to trees. Hyperaccumulators are unusual plants that accumulate particular metals or metalloids in their living tissues to levels that may be hundreds or thousands of times greater than is normal for most plants reeves, 2003. Phytoremediation of contaminated sites is a relatively inexpensive. In this study, the several established criteria to define a hyperaccumulator plant were applied.
They infect the environment by affecting soil properties its fertility. Soils of keban area have higher than average values for soil, mo, cu, pb, zn, ag, as and cd contents. The metals are concentrated at levels that are toxic to closely related species not adapted to growing on the metalliferous. Jan 28, 2019 essentially, through the process of phytoremediation, certain plants are mother natures magic eraser cleaning up the messes left behind by poor farming, industrial, and waste dumping practices. All the studied plants take up metals in high amounts as high as hundreds of times more than averages for non hyperaccumulator plants. Phytoremediation of soil trace elements 3 discussion below. This is an exceptionally high heavy metal concentration since ni toxicity in most plants occurs at concentrations higher than 1050 mg kg. To promote phytoremediation, it is necessary to find hyperaccumulater plants that have the ability to grow fast and accumulate high concentrations of metals 6. Hyperaccumulator plants and the need for a database. Journal of environmental quality abstract plant and. A hyperaccumulator is a plant capable of growing in soil or water with very high concentrations of metals, absorbing these metals through their roots, and concentrating extremely high levels of metals in their tissues.
This plant based technology has gained acceptance in the past ten years as a cheap, efficient and environmentally friendly technology. Use of brassica plants in the phytoremediation and. Plants sprayed with 2,4d may accumulate lethal doses of. It utilizes a variety of plant biological processes and the physical characteristics of plants to aid in site remediation. Identification and characterization of heavy metals responsive genes rafiq ahmad1, zara tehsin1, samina tanvir malik2, saeed ahmad asad3, muhammad shahzad1, muhammad bilal1, mohammad maroof shah1 and sabaz ali khan 1, 1department of environmental sciences, comsats institute of information technology.
Abstract this study assessed the phytoremediation potentials of common tropical hyperaccumulator plants for their germination, survival, and phytoextraction abilities of tin from polluted soils. Phytoremediation is defined as the use of green plants to remove pollutants from the environment or to render them harmless 42, 125. Nov 09, 2011 plants ability to accumulate heavy metals may cause problems to human health when contamination of food crops is too high. A type of fern in japan, athyrium yokoscense, is well known as a hyperaccumulator of cd and zn. Phytoremediation and potency of hyperaccumulator plants. Phytoremediation is potentially applicable to a diversity of substances, involving hyperaccumulators heavy metals and radionuclides. Plants for phytoremediation phytoremediation involves the use of plants to remove, transfer, stabilize andor degrade contaminants in soil, sediment, and water hughes et al. Phytoremediation is defined as cleaning up of pollutants mediated primarily by plants. Pdf phytoremediation is defined as cleaning up of pollutants mediated primarily by plants. Gregg a journal of geocnemlcal wploration deprtment of soil science, mussqv clnirersiy, palmerston north, new zealand. At least there are one taxon of plant as hyperaccumulator for cd, 28 taxa for co, 37 taxa for cu, 9. Abstractphytoremediation is an emerging and ecofriendly green engineering technology that utilizes the natural properties of plants to remediate contaminated soils, water and sediments. Important criteria for plants used for phytoremediation include the provision of economic benefits, harvesting management, and byproduct utilization. May 30, 2019 the godfather of phytoremediation and the study of hyperaccumulator plants may very well be r.
Heavy metals like as, cd, co, cu, ni, zn, and cr are phytotoxic either at all concentrations or above certain threshold levels. For this aim metal contents of dried plants and soil were determined and correlated. The potential of the highbiomass nicke 1 hyperaccumulator berkheya coddii for phytoremediation and phytomining b. Chinas high biodiversity and substantial mineral resources make it a global hotspot for hyperaccumulator plant species. On the other hand, this ability forms the basis for phytoremediation. Plants with exceptional metalaccumulating capacity are known as hyperaccumulator plants.
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